Archive for the ‘Literature’ Category

Review: A Corpse in Armor

Friday, July 16th, 2010

You walk past the guard station and down the hall. A door in front of you clicks ajar; like all of the doors, it lacks both number and handle. You push in, and the door latches behind you.

The concrete block walls of the room are off-white under a featureless fluorescent ceiling. There’s a table, steel framed, with heavy tapering legs and a Formica top. The chair is also steel, with a molded but unpadded seat. Both are bolted to the floor. A brown expanding folder lies in the exact center of the table. A laser-printed label on the flap bears a bar-code and the legend A Corpse In Armor. Other than that, the room is empty — not even a wastebasket. You sit down, unwind the flap string, and dump out the contents.

There’s some background material: Individuals are shown either in ID photos or in surveillance images with the surroundings masked out. Settings are identified by surveillance photos with the people masked out. All the images are in black and white. There are several summaries of coroner’s reports. Notes on conducting asymmetrical warfare on American soil. A short paper on the academic barriers facing study of certain aspects of post-WWII history. Several interrogation transcripts or summaries thereof. An inexplicable flurry of receipts for takeout coffee.

The bulk of the file, however, consists of after-action reports.

They are the first person accounts of a newly recruited, low-level operative whose need-to-know was…pressing, as far as it went, but not broad. There’s just enough info to get the story across, no more. No color, no texture, no context, little passion (and yet it is clear that only those with great passion would undertake this life), not even much jargon. For instance, this might have been an opportunity to present some good lessons in trade-craft, ala TV’s Burn Notice, but the focus is on the action; what craft there is, is implicit in the narrative.

The action is compelling, though, and the overall pattern is unmistakable to anyone who pays attention to news beyond the papers and cable TV; anyone who owns a gun for self-defense; anyone who refuses to believe that America is the worst nation ever to foul the planet. You find yourself nodding, time and again, but you wish you didn’t have to: the symptoms are dire, the diagnosis is clear, and the prognosis is not good.

This file presents a scenario that is perhaps somewhat outdated, even optimistic — for instance, the President is merely uninvolved, neither a serious suspect nor appallingly incompetent. Nevertheless, this is the war we’re in. You understand that in essence, the enemies of America are portrayed accurately; some aspects have played out in the news since this was compiled.

When you are finished, you shuffle the contents back into their folder. You stand up, bladder aching, stretch, and stand in front of the door. It doesn’t open immediately, and you hear faint footsteps outside. When they pass, the door latch clicks open. You walk past the guard station, and get on the elevator.

Your recruiter is waiting in the lobby. He says nothing, just cocks an eyebrow.

You nod. You’re in.

He points you to a restroom, to a break room with a coffee machine, and to the stairwell to the parking garage.

“Downstairs. Ten minutes.”


Dang it, the trackback counter bumped again, but the second trackback didn’t show, and I thought it was a glitch in the counter. McPhillips let me know in email that Ed Rasimus had linked to me. Although this should be about McPhillips’ writing, not mine, praise from Ed Rasimus is high praise indeed. Thank you, sir!

The Rationalist’s Harry Potter

Wednesday, July 7th, 2010

[update]
AAAaaarrrrrrrgggghhhhh!

I just read the last chapter — and it’s not finished yet! I have to wait for Yukowsky to write more chapters!

I hope he’s doing more on a regular basis. Do not start reading this unless you are a masochist.

Yudkowsky, please stop wasting your time doing stupid stuff like trying to figure out how to give AIs a sense of ethics.

Finish the damn story!
[/update]

Harry Potter and the Methods of Rationality, by Eliezer Yudkowsky.

Via Eric S. Raymond. It’s useless quoting from the story itself, so let me just give you Raymond’s review:

Oh Thoth Trismegistus, oh Ma’at, oh Ganesha, oh sweet lady Eris…I have not laughed so hard in years!

Eliezer Yudkowsky is one of the brightest people I’ve ever met in a lifetime of seeking out gifted- to genius-grade thinkers because people who aren’t usually bore me pretty quickly. Eliezer has spent years studying the deep structure of rationality and probably understands the systematic sources of bias and irrationality in the shared architecture of the human mind as comprehensively as anyone alive. I have previously commented on some of his writings.

Usually Eliezer thinks about questions like how to build human-compatible ethical reasoning into AIs. Serious, deep stuff. When he turns the vast and imponderable force of his intellect to writing, of all things, Harry Potter fanfic, a quite unexpected degree of hilarity ensues.

Read it and laugh. Read it and learn. Eliezer re-invents Harry Potter as a skeptic genius who sets himself the task of figuring out just how all this “magic” stuff works. The science is real – it really would be a lot harder to explain transformation from a human into a cat than mere levitation, for example. When Harry, confronted with a magical time-travel device, is immediately terrified that he might be holding an antimatter bomb, this is actually a more justified fear than many readers may understand.

But the characters are not slighted. Eliezer is very good at giving them responses to the rather altered and powered-up Harry that are consistent with canon. The development of Minerva McGonagall is particularly fine.

Strongly recommended. And if you manage to learn about sources of cognitive bias like the Planning Fallacy and the Bystander Effect (among others) while your sides are hurting with laughter, so much the better.

It helps if you have some familiarity with the Potter cycle, but since that is itself a mish-mash of traditional child’s fantasy, you probably will recognize most what’s being built on here.

And it’s what’s being built that you need to read anyway. Gods, I wish I’d this when I was twelve.


No, wait: one quote from the story:

…It is a sad rule that whenever you are most in need of your art as a rationalist, that is when you are most likely to forget it.

Presidential Perks

Thursday, July 1st, 2010

John Scalzi has ascended to be King of the Geeks, i.e., President of the Science Fiction Writers of America, and as such, has revealed the Top Ten Perks of Office:

5. Keys to the SFWA nuclear bunker outside of Ogallala, Nebraska, in case those madmen at Mystery Writers of America finally push us to DefCon 1

4. All the freeze-dried ice cream you can eat, thanks to an ill-advised NASA surplus purchase during the Williamson administration

3. U.S. Military allows each SFWA President one and only one use of the High Energy Space Laser, so before you annoy me, ask yourself if any of my other enemies have been recently and mysteriously reduced to ash, and if the answer is “no,” reconsider.

Obama is so jealous right now, I’m sure. Like the military would give Him even a single use of the HESL.

When You’re Wrong, Admit It

Monday, May 10th, 2010

Sharp as a Marble Robb Allen swings:

Nominating an Immortal to the Supreme Court is just asking for trouble. They will be there forever unless someone beheads them and will generally rule in favor of laws that benefit the Gathering rather than focus on the effects of laws as they pertain to the Constitution of the United States of America.

… And misses:

UPDATE – It was brought to my attention that Obama has nominated Elena Kagan, the current Solicitor General, to the Supreme Court, and not The Kurgan as I had originally thought.

Kurgan-v-Kagen

“Never mind, then.”

QotD: “Only The Toads Spoke”

Thursday, July 16th, 2009

Today is the 64th anniversary of the Atomic Age, which opened at 05:29 a.m. “Mountain War Time” 16 July 1945 over the sands of Trinity, New Mexico.

Today we pause and remember the day we became as gods.

So far, we’ve managed not to kill ourselves.

The headline is my favorite quote from Lansing Lamont’s Trinity, a good, quick read on the Manhattan Project. It’s from chapter 9: “July 16, 1945: Zero Minus One Hour”.

At 5 seconds the cameras began churning…. Julian Mack perched in his machine gun turret [converted to a camera turret]…Suddenly he smelled smoke. The power generator in his turret had overheated and caught fire. The turret was ablaze. An assistant shouted that he was turning off the power. “No, no!” Mack screamed. “The cameras are still running! Let it burn!”

In the control center [announcer] Sam Allison was seized by a sudden fear that the explosion would create a lightning effect and pump electrocuting volts into the microphone he gripped. At minus one second, he dropped the microphone and screamed as loud as h e could: “Zero!” In that instant, a final surge of high voltage engulfed the firing unit, and the signals from McKibben and Titterton charged across the desert to galvanize the detonators on the bomb.

Fermi and the others heard Allison’s last scream. Then silence for what seemed an enternity. And in that millisecond, only the toads spoke at Trinity.

Quote of the Day: Blinded by the Big Light

Tuesday, June 2nd, 2009

R. A. Lafferty on fanaticism, from And Walk Now Gently Through the Fire:

How is a person or a world unmade or unformed? First, by being deformed. And following the deforming is the collapsing. The tenuous balance is broken. Insanity is induced easily under the name of the higher sanity. Then the little candle that is in each head is blown out on the pretext that the great cosmic light can better be seen without it.

“The little candle that is in each head is blown out….”

My throat tightened up when I read this line. That is, without question, the best statement of what is happening to us, right now. all over the world, that I have ever read. Billy Beck calls it, quite rightly, The Endarkenment.

And Lafferty wrote it in 1972.

R. A. Lafferty, folks. You’ve probably never heard of him if you don’t read science fiction.

Your loss, and I’m sorry for you.

[via Protein Wisdom.]

Transformative versus Revelatory Arcs

Monday, May 11th, 2009

John Rogers over at Kung Fu Monkey explains something I’ve never understood before. It’s disguised as a review of the current Star Trek movie, but don’t be fooled: his topic is much wider and much more important.

A transformative arc is the classic feel good “a bad person becomes a good person.” This is the Disney arc, the classic arc, although frankly many people confuse a character’s circumstances changing with a transformative arc.

A revelatory arc # is one in which the story of the movie is revealing how the hero (and the virtues he represents, which you the writer wish to highlight) is exactly the right person to solve the movie’s problem. It’s more an echo of the old school morality play. “Behold how misfortune comes unto the world. Now see what kind of man may set it right!” The protagonist of this sort of movie triumphs by holding on to whatever virtues he has, and often by becoming even more confident in them.

The very best thing about this essay is that it sounds like Rogers is viciously attacking the ST movie; many of his commenters make that mistake, and take him to task for it. Wrong.

These are not flaws, by the way. These are the moves of a supremely confident director/storyteller. And it adds weight to an argument I’ve been making for some time: heroic franchise characters often have revelatory arcs rather thn transformative arcs.

We have become so accustomed to expecting transformative arcs that we now regard revelatory arcs as inherently bad when they are pointed out to us — even though the revelatory arc is in fact the classic hero story.

Continuing here his discussion of our modern preference for transformative arcs, how we tend to see them even where they don’t exist:

…Frankly many people confuse a character’s circumstances changing with a transformative arc. Star Wars is the perfect example. “Luke Skywalker is a farm boy who becomes a hero.” Well, sure. But he wasn’t a cowardly farm boy. He wasn’t an insecure farm boy. As soon as holo-Lea shows up, he is on-mission. He didn’t leave his loving family behind, he was burnt out of his shitty hut he hated anyway.

He wasn’t a farm boy who never believed in the Force, once he’s introduced to the idea. Hell, turning off his targetting computer during the trench run is the least surprising thing he could do. Now if HAN SOLO suddenly showed up believing in the Force, well, that’s a change. As a matter of fact, Han’s the one with the transformative arc in the movie… Just like Spock’s the one with the character story (kinda) in Trek.

The idea of the revelatory arc is profound, and I’m going to have adjust a lot of my thinking to make use of it.


One thing I want to say, and this is just a rough sketch of an idea this has given me:

The transformative arc appeals to us because we are, most of us, painfully aware of our flaws. We want to believe that we can be better than we are.

The revelatory arc, however, is the American story: ordinary people, flawed though we may be, are in fact competent to direct our own lives, even in matters of life and death. There are no nobles who are born to be our masters; we are our own betters, our own nobles.

The best revelatory arcs are those that show ordinary people having their extraordinary characters revealed to themselves.


[update]
Two kinds of revelatory arcs: one in which the hero himself recognizes his exceptionalism; and one in which the people around the hero recognize him as the great leader he is.

Two kinds of transformative arcs: one in which a weak character grows to become a hero, and one in which, as Rogers says, “a bad person becomes a good person”. He calls the later “the Disney arc”, but frankly, I can’t think of many Disney movies where a bad person is redeemed.

Perhaps these can be arranged in a spectrum:

redemption <> growth <> self-realization <> public recognition


A key feature of the “public recognition” variety of revelatory arch is that the protagonist, to be a hero, must be right. Good examples would be Washington or Lincoln (both of whom, I believe, had greater doubts about themselves than their followers did). Otherwise, you get Hitler or Stalin.


Eric Burns-White disagrees with Rogers over at Web Snark. Warning: Very spoiler heavy, more so than Rogers was. I’ve skimmed, but will wait until I see the movie to read it in detail

For Services to Literature

Wednesday, December 31st, 2008

The best humorist extant is now styled Sir Terry Pratchett.

Regrettably, no sword is included in the box.

And by “best humorist”, I mean right up there with Benchley, Thurber, Perelman, that lot.

If you have not read at least three of his Discworld novels, you cannot count yourself literate.

If the reason you have not read even one of the Discworld novels is because it’s fantasy, then you’re a hopelessly blinkered snob.
.

The Church of Knowledge

Thursday, December 25th, 2008

From a gallery of beautiful libraries, the Biblioteca do Palacio Nacional da Ajuda Lisboa III, in Lisbon, Portugal:

[click on any picture for full-size; they're all well worth it.]
Not by any means the most gorgeous, just the one that for me strikes closest to the right balance between books, architecture, and art.

For pure stunning gorgeousness, there’s the Abbey Library at St. Gallen, Switzerland:

Then there’s the Vatican’s library, in which the books are completely overwhelmed:

How could you possibly read there? It’s hard to resist making parallels between this Library’s presentation of its books, and the Church’s presentation of its theology.

The legend on this photo says the books used to be chained to prevent theft:

However, fans of Terry Pratchett’s Librarian at the Unseen University’s Magical Library know better: the chains keep the books from escaping, or even attacking other books or unwary readers. (The Librarian himself is a victim of such an attack, and now presents as an orangutan. He’s resisted all efforts to change him back.)

Check out the entire gallery; there are some beautiful, beautiful pictures.

Reading for Recruits

Monday, April 21st, 2008

So, you, or someone you know, is thinking about enlisting, “moving to the sound of the guns”. What should you read to prepare yourself?

Beats the bloody-be-heckers out of me. I’d guess maybe Heinlein’s Starship Troopers, famous, even notorious for its provocatively pro-military views. But it’s SF, and the lady in question is not a fan, to put it mildly. (If she were, of course, she’d already have read her Heinlein, including the inspiring but now-quaint retelling of the American Revolution, The Moon is a Harsh Mistress.

How about movies? I remember Private Benjamin being an entertaining portrayal of a privileged young woman who goes to boot camp in rebellion against her smothering parents and intended husband. An Officer and a Gentleman shows a full-of-himself young man also benefiting from almost washing out in Basic. (Turns out Larz’s Mom has already ordered Benjamin. I can’t wait to find out how that goes.)

But that was all I could come up with, so I wrote to Grim Beorn, a very literate warrior indeed. I knew he’d published reading lists for folk already in the service, but didn’t remember seeing anything for civilians considering enlistment. Grim kindly pointed me to his standard post on the topic. It starts out with a story about adjusting to the culture in Iraq, but then moves on:

“An eighteen year old arriving at West Point,” says Grim, “already knows nothing but High School. What he needs to learn is how to be a hero.”

His suggestions:

  • Beowulf. “Out of the darkness of the prehistory of the human race, a superb and splendid hero emerged, to do battle with the monstrous forces of evil.” –Lin Carter, if I’m not mistaken. Quote from memory.
  • The Illiad (Fitzgerald translation)
  • The Saga of Burnt Njal.
  • The Havamal, which “will teach you everything a hero needs to know, from how to enter a room to how to behave in company, from how to make and keep friends to how to be respected among great men. It is in its way a complete education.”

Grim explains:

This will teach our soldiers what they need to know to relate to the sheikhs, and indeed many other cultures abroad. But it also does the soldier a great kindness, as it makes him an educated man. These are exactly the things you need to know to comprehend the Western tradition. With these as your base, nothing in America’s history is forbidding.

In his email, Grim goes on to make what, for me, was a very surprising suggestion: The Hobbit, which offers “a deep but subtle introduction into the pieces I suggest in the standard reply”. It’s been a long time since I’ve read The Hobbit, because I prefer the longer, sterner Lord of the Rings. Precisely because of that sterness, and the heavier use of myth and fantasy, I rejected LotR for Larz. And because, in contrast, I’m used to considering The Hobbit as, well, fluffier, more of a children’s book, I didn’t even think of it. But Grim’s got it right: it’s a fairly easy read, and shows very well the transformation of a quiet stick-in-the-mud civilian into a hero. I’m going to have to read it again myself.

He continued:

Try her on the Norse sagas — they involve very much sailing and hardship, and serve as an advanced course in heroism. Don’t worry that they aren’t “modern,” because really, the technology changes aren’t that important.  What really does matter is the culture, and the culture of fighting men (and, these days, women) is a thing long ago perfected.  We just need to continue to remind ourselves of what our ancestors knew.

Then he said something else I’ve never considered, but take very much to heart:

In addition, the slightly alien feel of the sagas will prepare her for thinking about a slightly alien world like the Navy. It’s an important skill that she should learn, how to think about the meaning behind customs and traditions that are different from what she already knows.

Whether Larz reads this stuff or not, it’s clear that I, myself have some catching up to do. She’s young and fit and strong and can no doubt even now whip my flabby middle-aged butt anytime she chooses, but I will not be outdone on the reading front.

Then, as a parting gift for boot camp, I can in good conscience give her selections from here,  the official Marine Reading List. This list also includes another work of science fiction that has come under peacenik fire: Orson Scott Card’s Ender’s Game. This, too, is a tale of a boot-camp, but a very strange one, one for grade-school children in outer space. I would never have guessed that the Marines would take that as an authoritative introduction to military life–but now I see that the “slightly alien feel” Grim speaks of may well have played a role.

Another important item from that list is available on-line: the Marine Corp manual on Warfighting [PDF]. This is golden: the inside skinny on how Marines think about the thing they do better than any other force in the world.

Anyway, thanks, Grim, for the reply, and for your website generally, which has over the past couple-three years given me considerable insight into the Warrior Spirit, as exemplified by this from G.K. Chesterton:

How white their steel, how bright their eyes! I love each laughing knave,

Cry high and bid him welcome to the banquet of the brave.

Yea, I will bless them as they bend and love them where they lie,

When on their skulls the sword I swing falls shattering from the sky.

The hour when death is like a light and blood is like a rose, –

You never loved your friends, my friends, as I shall love my foes.

A couple of other bits  I dug out while writing this:

Confederate Yankee’s take on LTC Dave Grossman’s original Sheep, Wolves, and Sheepdogs essay (quoted in its entirety). Everybody, sheep or sheepdog, should read this.

Bill Whittle. Wordy, but oh so satisfying:

Here’s his recent piece on fighter pilots, and the fighter pilot, and what he taught America’s military about war fighting generally. Part 1 Part 2 This is survival material.

Honor, the short, sweet essay that made Whittle’s reputation. “…The many, many sergeants…”
I cannot hear or read the word “sergeant” anymore and not think of this essay.

Freedom, and the price that must be paid for it. Why we have the Second Amendment. Whittle hits his stride.

Empire: “For the first time in history, a nation powerful enough to rule the world has simply refused to do so.” Damn betcha, and why, exactly why, my precious, precious niece does an honorable thing by volunteering to go forth and put herself in harm’s way.

War. Why we’re at it, right now, written at a time so many of us were not sure.

History. A little bit about how we got here, about another time when everybody knew “The war is an abject and utter failure. What everyone thought would be a quick, decisive victory has turned into an embarrassing series of reversals.” And how it all turned around on an insignificant mound of dirt known as Little Round Top, with an insignificant amateur named Joshua Lawrence Chamberlain as the hinge pin.

Whittle. He’s one of the good guys, and does not write often enough. Read all his stuff.